Past Simple/Indefinite tense
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to denote an action happened in the past
graphs/cue cards/letters talking about a past event
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Structure
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Subject + Verb second form + Object
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I ate an apple.
We ate an apple.
You ate an apple.
He ate an apple.
She ate an apple.
They ate an apple.
It ate an apple.
Ram ate an apple.
Ram and Michael ate an apple.
My brother ate an apple.
My brothers ate an apple.
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Negative and interrogative are made with a helping verb ‘did’.
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I ate an apple. I did not eat an apple. Did I eat an apple?
We ate an apple. We did not eat an apple. Did we eat an apple?
You ate an apple. You did not eat an apple. Did you eat an apple?
He ate an apple. He did not eat an apple. Did he eat an apple?
She ate an apple. She did not eat an apple. Did she eat an apple?
They ate an apple. They did not eat an apple. Did they eat an apple?
It ate an apple. It did not eat an apple. Did it eat an apple?
Ram ate an apple. Ram did not eat an apple. Did Ram eat an apple?
Ram and Michael ate an apple. Ram and Michael did not eat an apple. Did Ram and Michael eat an apple?
My brother ate an apple. My brother did not eat an apple. Did my brother eat an apple?
My brothers ate an apple. My brothers did not eat an apple. Did my brothers eat an apple?
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Change them into negatives and interrogatives.

1. I went to market for shopping.
2. He helped my friend in swimming.
3. You moved the wrong furniture.
4. Her aunt lived in this locality for 2 years.
5. My uncle won many medals.
6. Your book shop made a brisk business last year.
7. We gave a party to everyone last Sunday.
8. She cleared her exam in the first attempt.
9. It seemed impossible in the beginning.
10. Our team gave a tough fight.
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Here are the answers. Please check.

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1. I went to market for shopping. I did not go to market for shopping. Did I go to the market for shopping?
2. He helped my friend in swimming. He did not help my friend in swimming. Did he help my friend in swimming?
3. You moved the wrong furniture. You did not move the wrong furniture. Did you move the wrong furniture?
4. Her aunt lived in this locality for 2 years. Her aunt did not live in this society for 2 years. Did her aunt live in this society for 2 year?
5. My uncle won many medals. My uncle did not win many medals. Did my uncle win many medals?
6. Your book shop made a brisk business last year. Your book shop did not make a brisk business last year. Did your book shop make a brisk business last year?
7. We gave a party to everyone last Sunday. We did not give a party to everyone last Sunday. Did we give a party to everyone last Sunday?
8. She cleared her exam in the first attempt. She did not clear her exam in the first attempt. Did she clear her exam in the first attempt?
9. It seemed impossible in the beginning. It did not seem impossible in the beginning. Did it seem impossible in the beginning?
10. Our team gave a tough fight. Our team did not give a tough fight. Did our team give a tough fight?
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Passive voice structure:
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Object + was/were + Verb IIIrd form + by + subject
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I ate an apple. An apple was eaten by me.
We ate an apple. An apple was eaten by me.
He ate an apple. An apple was eaten by him.
She ate an apple. An apple was eaten by her.
They ate an apple. An apple was eaten by them.

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Usage of Had in Past Simple tense
It is used for Possession.
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I had a meeting yesterday.
We had an old car.
She had a beautiful dress.
Ram had a big fan base in early 90s.
Ram and Michael had a strong friendship.
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Negative and interrogative are done with ‘Did’
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I had a car. I did not have a car. Did I have a car?
We had a car. We did not have a car. Did we have a car?
You had a car. You did not have a car. Did you have a car?
He had a car. He did not have a car. Did he have a car?
Ram had a car. Ram did not have a car. Did Ram have a car?
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